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The intricate web of international relations and political ideologies that emerged in the aftermath of World War II led to the Cold War, a pivotal era characterized by the ideological clash between the Western bloc, led by the United States, and the Soviet Union. This ideological battleground pitted capitalism against communism, two divergent systems that shaped the course of global history. Anchoring this conflict were strategic alliances, with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) representing the collective defense mechanism of the Western bloc. At the heart of this geopolitical struggle lay the concept of collective defense enshrined in NATO's Article 5, where an attack on one member nation was considered an attack on all. However, the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1991 marked the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, reshaping the global landscape. The disintegration of the Soviet Union birthed new nations and new dynamics, while NATO, with its secu